C#.Net

• C# was created at Microsoft at late 1990's and its alpha version had been released in the middle of 2000. C# was developed by Anders Hejlsberg. C# is directly related to C, C++ and JAVA. Because these three Languages are most widely used programming languages in this Planet.
• C# is pronounced as see sharp. It is easy, modern, type safe and object oriented programming Language.
• C#.net includes IDE(Interactive Development Environment), Visual Designers(Web and Windows Applications), Compiler a,d a debugger.
• C#.Net is a part of Visual Studio.Net.
• Visual Studio.Net is the product of Microsoft that also supports Visual Basics.Net, Visual C++.Net and Java Scripting Languages.
• All the above mentioned languages provide access to the .Net Framework. It includes Common Language Runtime and Rich Class Libraries called Base Class Libraries.

• Common Language Runtime is abbreviated as CLR. It manages the Execution of .Net.
• While compiling the C# program, the output of the compiler is not exe file. Instead, it is a file contains the special type of Pseudocode called MSIL.
• MSIL is Microsoft Intermediate Language defines a portable assembly language.
• Here, MSIL is turned into Executable file by activating the JIT compiler. JIT is called Just In Time.
• When a .Net program is executed, the CLR activates the JIT compiler. JIT will be converted the MSIL into Native code. Thus, C# program executes as native code even though it is initially compiled into MSIL.

• Managed code
• Automatic Application Installation
• Memory Management
• Automatic Garbage Collection
• High level of security while execution

• Class Libraries Works with any Languages under the under the common Language Runtime environment.
• So, the .Net programmer can easily be shifted to one .net Language another convenient .Net Language.
  

• CLS stands for Common Langauge Specification.
• CLS describes set of features that all langauges have in common. It includes subset of CTS.
• CTS stands for Common Type System which is used to define the rules concerning tha data types. And the C# supports both the CLS(Common Language Specification) and the CTS(Common Type System).